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A Perl module is a discrete component of software for the Perl programming language. Technically, it is a particular set of conventions for using Perl's package mechanism that has become universally adopted. A module defines its source code to be in a ''package'' (much like a Java package), the Perl mechanism for defining namespaces, e.g. ''CGI'' or ''Net::FTP'' or ''XML::Parser''; the file structure mirrors the namespace structure (e.g. the source code for ''Net::FTP'' is in ''Net/FTP.pm''). Furthermore, a module is the Perl equivalent of the class when object-oriented programming is employed. A collection of modules, with accompanying documentation, build scripts, and usually a test suite, compose a distribution. The Perl community has a sizable library of distributions available for search and download via CPAN. Perl is a language allowing many different styles of programming. You're as likely to find a module written in a procedural style (for example, (Test::Simple )) as object-oriented (e.g. (XML::Parser )), both are considered equally valid according to what the module needs to do. Modules might also be used to mixin methods ((DBIx::Class )) or be a pragma ((strict.pm )) which has an effect immediately upon being loaded. Modules can even be used to alter the syntax of the language. The effect of Perl modules are usually limited to the current scope in which it was loaded. It is common for Perl modules to have embedded documentation in Perl's Plain Old Documentation format. POD imposes little structure on the author. It is flexible enough to be used to write articles, web pages and even entire books such as (Programming Perl ). Contrast with javadoc which is specialized to documenting Java classes. By convention, module documentation typically follows the structure of a Unix man page. The language of Perl is defined by the single implementation (referred to as "perl") and is added to (and in rare occasions taken away from) each new release. For this reason it is important for a module author to be aware what features they're making use of and what the minimum required version of perl is. The code on this page requires perl 5.6.0 which is considered rather old by now. == Examples == What follows are examples of "Hello, World" implemented in different styles of modules. It must be understood that a module is not necessary in Perl; functions and code can be defined and used anywhere. This is just for example purposes. Contrast with Java where a class is always necessary. A real "Hello, World" function would be written like so: sub hello print hello(); or simply printed in one line: print "Hello, world!\n"; 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Perl module」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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